CircumScore is intended for use by qualified surgeons and clinical staff. It uses intraoperative measurements (blood loss, operative time, and vitals recorded during the procedure) and therefore estimates complication risk for a procedure that has already been performed. It cannot be used for preoperative planning or for patient self-assessment.
This tool has not been cleared, approved, or certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicines Agency, or any other regulatory authority, and it is not CE-marked as a medical device. It is provided for research and educational purposes only.
The underlying model was developed on 194 patients treated at a single center in Milan, Italy between 2023 and 2024, using retrospectively collected data. It has not undergone external validation, and its performance in other populations, care settings, or surgical practices is unknown. All estimates are probabilistic and may be inaccurate for any individual patient.
Output from this tool is an adjunct to, and never a replacement for, clinical judgment, direct examination, and shared decision-making with the patient or guardian. The treating clinician remains solely responsible for all diagnostic and treatment decisions.
This tool is provided “as is,” without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and accuracy. The authors and their affiliated institutions accept no liability for any loss, injury, or damage arising from use of, or reliance on, this tool.
Values entered into the form are used only to compute the estimate shown. They are not stored by this application and are not shared with third parties.